Fixes #319

Fix #302, including their ASCII variants.
- Don't use quotes `'` that are not surrounded by spaces.
- However, notation `'(⊢@{' PROP } )` prevents parsing `(⊢@{PROP} Q)` using the
`⊢@{PROP} Q` notation.

To fix that, we force left-factorization: we add a notation for `'(⊢@{' PROP }
Q )`, defined to coincide with '⊢@{' PROP } Q but which can be left-factored
with `( '⊢@{' PROP } )`.

- Add left and right operator sections for (bi)entailment
- Add tests.

Also do all of the above also for ASCII notations, except for operator sections,
which seem to require more discussion.

Fixes #307.

- all ascii notation is marked "only parsing" so this PR shouldn't
  change anything for anyone using only unicode notation.
- the algorithm for creating an ascii notation is pretty simple.
  - \ast -> *
  - \triangleright -> |>
  - \vee -> \/
  - \wedge -> /\
  - \forall -> forall
  - \exists -> exists
  - \ast -> **

Notably this support relies on string to identifier conversion, which
works natively using Ltac2 in Coq 8.11+ and with a plugin
(https://github.com/ppedrot/coq-string-ident) in Coq 8.10. To use it,
you must replace intro_patterns.string_to_ident_hook with a real
implementation; see https://gitlab.mpi-sws.org/iris/string-ident for a
working implementation that works with Coq 8.11 (using Ltac2).

The syntax is %H (within a string intro pattern). This is technically
backwards-incompatible, because this was previously supported and parsed
as % and H separately. To restore the old behavior, separate with a
space, eg [% H].

- The error messages were wrong: the goal needs to be absorbing, not the hypothesis.
- The wrong failure number was used in `iAssumption`, which caused the error not
  to be propagated properly.

Gregory Malecha authored 5 years ago and Robbert Krebbers committed 5 years ago

- remove "odd" comment
- move atomic triples to bi_scope